منابع مشابه
Invited commentary: understanding bias amplification.
In choosing covariates for adjustment or inclusion in propensity score analysis, researchers must weigh the benefit of reducing confounding bias carried by those covariates against the risk of amplifying residual bias carried by unmeasured confounders. The latter is characteristic of covariates that act like instrumental variables-that is, variables that are more strongly associated with the ex...
متن کاملA Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive Bias Modification in Real and Placebo Conditions on Attentional Bias and Approach Bias in Opium Abusers
Background & Aim: Inability to control drug use is considered a core aspect of drug dependency. Part of this inability is due to cognitive biases resulting from individuals’ constant usage of drugs. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive bias modification in real and placebo conditions on attentional bias and approach bias in opium abusers. Methods: This stud...
متن کاملThe Effect of Cognitive Bias Modification in the Attention Bias of Students With Test Anxiety
Abstract Introduction: Many of the students chr('39')educational problems, including academic failure and maladaptive behaviors, stem from exam anxiety caused by studentschr('39') cognitive bias. Cognitive bias modification can reduce attention biases students to be negative. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive bias modification interven...
متن کاملSelection Bias, Label Bias, and Bias in Ground Truth
Language technology is biased toward English newswire. In POS tagging, we get 97–98 words right out of a 100 in English newswire, but results drop to about 8 out of 10 when running the same technology on Twitter data. In dependency parsing, we are able to identify the syntactic head of 9 out of 10 words in English newswire, but only 6–7 out of 10 in tweets. Replace references to Twitter with re...
متن کاملSurvey Participation, Nonresponse Bias, Measurement Error Bias, and Total Bias
A common hypothesis about practices to reduce survey nonresponse is that those persons brought into the respondent pool through persuasive efforts may provide data filled with measurement error. Two questions flow from this hypothesis. First, does the mean square error of a statistic increase when sample persons who are less likely to be contacted or cooperate are incorporated into the responde...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Political Analysis
سال: 2016
ISSN: 1047-1987,1476-4989
DOI: 10.1093/pan/mpw015